On Tuesday,
November 18, 2014, two Arab terrorists walked into a Jewish synagogue in one of
Jerusalem’s Jewish neighbourhoods and murdered five people and wounded at least
eight. According to information that has now been made public, four of the
victims were not only murdered while they prayed, but were killed while they
prayed the ‘Amidah’ prayer, which is, arguably, the central focus of our daily
prayers. It is the moment in our daily prayer when we get the chance to speak
most directly to G-d.
These four
Jews were murdered as they spoke to G-d.
The fifth
murder victim was an Israeli Arab Druze policeman who was killed at the scene
of the attack. We mourn with the victims’ families for their loss. We honour
the Druze officer who fell serving the Jewish people. We pray for a complete
recovery for the wounded.
Murder is an
act of violence. Civilized societies consider it to be the most horrible of
crimes, worthy of the harshest of punishment (Wikipedia). For most Western
criminal law, murder is the unlawful
killing of one human by another, with malice aforethought (Joshua Dressler, Understanding Criminal Law, 3rd ed, 2001).
‘Malice aforethought’ is typically defined as having four characteristics:
an intent to kill; an intent to inflict grievous bodily harm; a reckless
indifference to unjustifiably high risk to human life; and an intent to commit
a dangerous felony (a ’felony’ is normally defined as ‘a serious crime’).
Murder: it’s vicious, it’s horrific, it’s wrong by its very nature.
It’s evil.
But for some people, the murder of Jews is none of these (I emphasize
key words below so you can track them through the news stories you’re about to
see). For some people:
It isn’t horrific to murder a Jew. It’s a reason for joy.
It isn’t wrong to murder a Jew. It’s a source of community pride.
It isn’t unlawful to murder a Jew. It’s heroic.
It isn’t evil to murder a Jew. It’s normal. It’s natural.
The families of the terrorists celebrated with joy upon learning
that their flesh and blood had committed the murders (“Terrorists' Families
Celebrate, Pass out Candies in Jerusalem”, Arutz Sheva, November
18, 2014). They handed out candies. They “responded with shouts of joy”
(ibid). A cousin told Israeli news that this attack was “a normal thing
that can be expected from every man” (ibid). A resident in the Arab community
from which the terrorists came, said, “we are proud of the two martyrs who
carried out the attack” (ibid).
Politicians celebrated the attack (“Abbas's PA and Fatah Celebrate 'Heroic'
Jerusalem Attack”, Arutz Sheva, November
19, 2014). They termed the attack ‘a heroic operation’ (ibid).
Palestinian Authority leader Mahmoud Abbas described this attack as "a natural
reaction to Israel's practices against Palestinians” (“Five dead in attack
on Jerusalem synagogue”, Al Jazeera, November
18, 2014).
From these news stories, we see that it appears normal, natural
and joyous to murder a Jew. It appears heroic.
But murdering a Jew after a leader has called for an Intifada might
also be called, committing a genocidal crime.
Genocidal crime is a crime against humanity.
Here’s the original definition of ‘genocide’, published in 1944 by
Raphael Lemkin:
“By ‘genocide’ we mean the destruction of a nation or of an ethnic
group. This new word, coined by the author to denote an old practice in its
modern development, is made from the ancient Greek word genos (race, tribe) and
the Latin cide (killing)…. Generally speaking, genocide does not necessarily
mean the immediate destruction of a nation, except when accomplished by mass
killings of all members of a nation. It is intended rather to signify a
coordinated plan of different actions aiming at the destruction of essential
foundations of the life of national groups, with the aim of annihilating the
groups themselves. Genocide is directed against the national group as an
entity, and the actions involved are directed against individuals, not in their
individual capacity, but as members of the national group” (see The Holocaust
Encyclopedia, “Coining a Word and Championing a Cause: The Story of Raphael
Lemkin”, The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum website).
The attack we saw this week against Jews in Israel was directed against
individuals, not because they are individuals, but, apparently, because they
are members of a specific national and religious group—Israel’s Jews. That
makes these murders more than a crime. They are genocidal crimes.
In the world led by Mahmoud Abbas, these genocidal murders are called
heroic, normal and natural. The news stories above show you that. But the Convention on the prevention and punishment of the crime of genocide, passed
by the UN in 1948, doesn’t see genocidal crime as normal, natural or heroic. It
sees such acts as “a crime under international law” and “condemned by the
civilized world” (ibid). They’re not praiseworthy. They’re “an odious scourge” (ibid).
They are not political acts. They are punishable crimes.
Genocidal crime isn’t natural. It’s not heroic. It’s something the
civilized world has been called upon to condemn.