At the
beginning of April, 2013, the Israel newspaper, Haaretz, published an
essay by Amira Hass which called upon Arabs to throw stones at Israelis. Such
action, she wrote, was a ‘birthright and duty’ of anyone under foreign rule.
Her argument
is immoral. It suggests hypocrisy—and, possibly, moral bankruptcy.
We should
remember her words. Rock attacks against Jews have increased so much in April
that the Samaria Residents Committee has written to Prime Minister Netanyahu appealing
to him for help protecting Jews from these attacks.
Consider the
concept. Stone-throwing, as practiced by Arabs, is not passive disobedience. It
is violence. It can—and has—killed and disabled Jews. It carries the same moral
status as shooting a gun at others with your eyes closed; closing your eyes
does not make your shooting moral. It does not remove your guilt should you
harm someone. You cannot argue that you did no wrong because you didn’t aim at
anyone specific; and you cannot claim you have the moral right to shoot because,
for a moral person who seeks moral consideration from others, any behaviour designed
to injure is morally wrong.
Arabs claim
their cause is just and moral. They
demand morality; shouldn’t they act morally? Demanding justice, they should denounce
unjust behaviour. But as Ms Hass shows us, that’s not the Arab approach.
First, she
calls violence a birthright. This means that, by virtue of his birth, the Arab receives
an automatic right to be violent.
This is extraordinary. There is nothing moral about such a right. When a moral
society (Mr Abbas has suggested that his people are ‘moral’) gives one a right,
it is to live in peace, or to be safe, etc.; no moral society gives one a right
to be violent because a moral society aims to be just. In fact, Mr Abbas has
asked the UN to give him that justice based upon moral consideration. He
invokes ‘morality’ for his people. But violence is, by definition, unjust. It
is the embodiment of a direct, physical injustice.
There is no place for injustice in a moral cause.
If Ms Hass endorses
violence, she endorses injustice. That suggests that Arab society is
intrinsically immoral: do Arabs care more for violence than justice?
Ethicists
will tell you that, sometimes, violence can be morally acceptable (see
discussions of ‘just war’). But ethicists are extremely careful about such violence because (among other reasons) one man's action to defend himself --the most common justification for violence--can be for someone else an act of criminal aggression;
and many agree that, even when violence does become ‘just’, it is a slippery
slope. Such behaviour almost always leads to ‘unjust’ outcomes.
The outcome
Ms Hass advocates is harm to Israel. That is not, by definition, a ‘just’
goal.
Ms Hass compounds
her moral problem by going beyond violence as a ‘right’. She calls it a ‘duty’.
This is dangerous. She makes correct and right what is immoral and wrong. Do you understand what ‘duty’ is? ‘Duty’ is most commonly defined as ‘moral
obligation’. A moral obligation is commonly
associated with doing good. It is
associated with ‘beneficence’; that is, kindness.
To associate
violence with ‘duty’ is to claim violence is connected to beneficence.
So it is
that Ms Hass makes injustice desirable. But her association also defies all definitions
of morality: morality does not endorse ‘injustice’. Morality opposes
injustice.
Ms Hass endorses
injustice.
She can make
injustice moral because she has a foundation to so: the Arab cause redefines
morality for Jews and Israel. It does this using a concept called, moral
exclusion. This concept works--except for one thing: it’s a ‘smoking gun’ for Arab
hypocrisy.
Those who
study group violence describe moral exclusion as an organized way to justify
violence (injustice) against another. It turns immoral and unjust behaviour
into a desired group morality. This process posits that a person (Jew) or group
(Israelis) is identified by another group (Arabs) as being unqualified to receive the benefits of moral consideration. So
excluded, that individual or group can then, morally, be treated with violence
(injustice)--because both morality and its corollary justice do not apply to
them.
This moral
exclusion of the Jew (and Israel) is everywhere in Arab culture. To the Arab,
Jews are animals. Jews are Nazis. Jews are poisonous. They are vermin—so, of
course, violence against them is morally commendable.
Who protects
vermin?
We are all
better off when we are rid of them.
Arab
morality based upon moral exclusion is ugly. It suggests both hypocrisy and moral
bankruptcy. The Arab repeatedly claims ‘morality’ and ‘justice’ as his
right. But it is hypocrisy to claim for
yourself what you deny to others through vicious, pre-meditated exclusion. It
may also be emblematic of a bankruptcy because only the most craven would use
that hypocrisy as a lever to elicit sympathy from others while at the same time
using it to justify violence.
Ms Hass justifies
violence. But she claims a moral cause. Why is she defining injustice as moral?
Is this the
point of the Arab cause—to replace morality with injustice?
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